What does the prefix "sub-" typically signify?

The prefix "sub-" commonly signifies "below" or "under." This prefix is derived from Latin and is often used in medical terminology to indicate a position that is lower than or beneath a specified area. For example, in the term "subcutaneous," it refers to the layer of tissue that exists directly below the skin.

Understanding the meaning of "sub-" is crucial for interpreting various medical terms accurately, as it provides context about anatomical locations and relationships in the body. This prefix contrasts with others that denote positions such as "super-" which means above, or "para-" which indicates beside. This differentiation is key in medical communication and documentation, ensuring clarity in understanding physiological and pathological conditions.