What is the term for a condition in which a blood vessel is blocked by an embolus or clot?

The term that describes a condition in which a blood vessel is blocked by an embolus or clot is "embolism." In this context, an embolism occurs when a mass, which can be a blood clot (thrombus), air bubble, fat globule, or other particles, travels through the bloodstream and lodges in a blood vessel, obstructing blood flow. This blockage can lead to serious complications, such as tissue damage or organ dysfunction, depending on the location and severity of the obstruction.

Thrombosis, while related, specifically refers to the formation of a thrombus (a blood clot) within a blood vessel that leads to its blockage at that particular site. Hemorrhage involves bleeding or the escape of blood from a blood vessel, and an aneurysm is the abnormal dilation of a blood vessel wall. Each of these terms describes different processes and conditions that are not synonymous with or indicative of an embolism.