What medical condition does 'quadriplegia' describe?

Quadriplegia refers to a medical condition characterized by paralysis of all four limbs: both arms and both legs. This term is derived from the Latin roots "quadri-" meaning four, and "plegia" meaning paralysis. It typically results from severe spinal cord injury or neurological disorders affecting the brain or spinal cord, leading to loss of motor function and sensation in the affected limbs. This condition can have significant physical and functional implications for affected individuals, impacting their mobility and daily activities.

In contrast, the other options describe different types of paralysis: paralysis of one limb pertains to monoplegia, paralysis of the lower limbs is referred to as paraparesis or paraplegia, and paralysis of the upper limbs is known as hemiplegia when one side is affected or could also refer to specific conditions like upper limb monoplegia. Understanding these distinctions is crucial in the field of medical terminology when discussing various types of paralysis and their respective causes and effects.