What term is used to describe the inflammation of both joint and cartilage?

The term that describes the inflammation of both joint and cartilage is arthrochondritis. This condition specifically refers to the combined inflammation that affects both the articulating surfaces of a joint and the cartilage that covers them. Understanding the word components can also help: "arthro" refers to joints, and "chondri" pertains to cartilage.

Arthritis, while commonly associated with joint inflammation, does not specify involvement of cartilage in its definition, making it a broader term that encompasses various types of joint inflammation but not necessarily the inflammation of cartilage itself.

Anchondroplasia is a genetic disorder affecting bone growth and is unrelated to joint or cartilage inflammation, while tenosynovitis refers to inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon and does not involve joints or cartilage. This specificity is what makes arthrochondritis the correct answer in this context.