Which root word refers to a hump or curvature of the spine?

The root word that refers to a hump or curvature of the spine is "kyph/o." This term specifically denotes a condition known as kyphosis, characterized by an exaggerated curvature of the thoracic spine, resulting in a hunchback appearance. It originates from the Greek word "kyphos," meaning "hump."

Understanding this term in the context of spinal anatomy is crucial. The spine can have various types of curvatures; kyphosis specifically indicates a posterior curvature, contrasting with other terms like lordosis, which refers to an anterior curvature of the lumbar spine.

In this case, although other root words pertain to aspects of the spine, they have different meanings. For instance, "lord/o" is related to lordosis, an inward curvature of the spine. "Scoli/o" refers to scoliosis, which describes a lateral curvature of the spine. "Spondyl/o" is a root that signifies vertebrae in general but does not specify a curvature. Thus, "kyph/o" accurately addresses the hump or curvature described in the question.